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On March 25, 2015, the latest criminal law treaty of the Council of Europe (CoE) was opened for signature in Spain: the Convention against Trafficking in Human Organs. Over the years the CoE has established a unique and impressive record of adopting treaties in diverse spheres (economy, social affairs, culture, criminal law, etc.) which Member States are asked to ratify and implement in their domestic legal orders. So far more than 200 such treaties (including revisions) have been concluded. However their ratification and implementation records differ considerably. There is also a considerable delay in their coming into force, which could be explained by a certain fatigue of Member States to sign, ratify and implement Treaties. As a matter of fact there are CoE treaties concluded in the 1960s which never came into force. The purpose of this article is to offer an overview of the Convention’s main features, which could be signed by all 47 Member States as well as by Canada, the Holy See, Japan, Mexico, the USA, and the European Union (EU).