The International Enforcement Law Reporter

The International Enforcement Law Reporter is a monthly print and online journal covering news and trends in international enforcement law.

Since September 1985, the International Enforcement Law Reporter has analyzed the premier developments in both the substantive and procedural aspects of international enforcement law. Read by practitioners, academics, and politicians, the IELR is a valuable guide to the difficult and dynamic field of international law.

Platform Design and the Youth-Safety Enforcement Turn Age Assurance, Consumer Protection, and Cross-Border Accountability in Social Media

Friday, July 24, 2026
Author: 
Adriana Sanford
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
9
Abstract: 

The youth-safety debate has entered a new phase of international enforcement. What began as a public conversation about screen time, parental supervision, and adolescent well-being is now a transnational legal contest over platform design, age assurance, consumer deception, data governance, and institutional accountability.

 

Mexico U.S. Relationship Strained by Questions Over Extradition and ICE

Friday, July 24, 2026
Author: 
Gavin Neff
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
9
Abstract: 

On July 7, 2026, the Mexican government announced it was launching an investigation into the capture and extradition of drug lord Ismael “El Mayo” Zambada in 2024.   The inquiry comes after local media outlet Pie de Nota suggested the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was involved in the drug lord’s capture.   The report included a statement that it attributed to the FBI that its special agents had “carried out the arrest and transfer of one of the United States governments top targets”.   The FBI did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Europol Releases the 2026 Terrorism Situation and Trend Report (EU TE-SAT)

Friday, July 24, 2026
Author: 
Michael Plachta
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
9
Abstract: 

On July 13, 2026, Europol released its annual “European Union Terrorism Situation and Trend Report (EU TE-SAT)”, which Europol has produced since 2007.This flagship report – the only one of its kind in Europe - describes the major developments and trends in the terrorism landscape in the EU in 2025, based on qualitative and quantitative information provided by EU Member States and other Europol partners.

 

 

New Revelations Signal a Multidimensional Approach Towards International Law Enforcement in Sudan

Friday, July 24, 2026
Author: 
Dimitris Konstantopoulos
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
9
Abstract: 

Since its inception in 2023, Sudan’s civil war between armed government forces and various paramilitary groups has led to widespread destruction across the North African country, allegations of war crimes and genocide, and a massive refugee crisis. However, recent developments from various judicial groups and international institutions seek to mitigate the war’s horrific violence and hold leaders and militia members accountable for their crimes. 

INTERPOL Cracks Down on Financial Fraud

Friday, July 17, 2026
Author: 
Gavin Neff
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

               The International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) recently cracked down on global financial fraud with the conclusion of Operation First Light 2026 (15 January - 30 April ), which focused on combatting social engineering scams and associated money laundering techniques.[2]  Social engineering refers to techniques that exploit a person’s trust to obtain money or information.[3]  These techniques include but are not limited to email compromise, sextortion, and romance, impersonation or investment scams.[4]

EU Imposes Sanctions on Russia for Cyber-Attacks and Destabilizing Activities

Friday, July 17, 2026
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

                On July 13, 2026, the Council of the European Union Announced sanctions on nine Russian individuals and four entities responsible for and involved in carrying out, enabling and facilitating cyber-attacks against the EU, its member states and international partners.  For the first time, the EU and the United Kingdom have adopted sanctions simultaneously under their respective cyber sanctions’ regimes. The Council is imposing sanctions on the Bullet Proof Hosting service provider Media Land LLC and his owner Alexander Volosovik.  Media Land LLC is sanctioned because it has facilitated a wide variety of malware attacks against both EU member states and worldwide, thereby causing significant financial losses.  It enabled cyber criminals to engage in malicious cyber activities, including large-scale ransomware and phishing operations, targeting critical infrastructure and essential services among EU members.  The Council also designated ML.Cloud, the sister company of Media Land LLC.

CARICOM Heads of Government Has Many Enforcement Initiatives

Friday, July 17, 2026
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

                The Fifty-First Regular meeting of the Conference of the Heads of Government (HoG) of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), held in St. Lucia on July 8-9, produced many international enforcement initiatives, including on receipt of Third Country Nationals, endorsement of ten-point reparations manifesto for the racialized chattel enslavement of Africans, support for the security situation against transnational organized crime in Haiti, security problems on the borders between Guyana-Venezuela, Belize-Honduras-Guatemala, and the situation in Gaza.  In addition on July 10, the U.S. State Department announced the biometrics and data sharing partnership memorandum of cooperation between the United States (U.S.) and CARICOM IMPACS.

INTERPOL Report Highlights New Terrain for Cybercrime in Asia and the South Pacific

Friday, July 17, 2026
Author: 
John Capwell
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 
                On June 17, 2026, INTERPOL released its 2025/2026 Asia and South Pacific Cyberthreat Assessment Report, a look at the increases and shifts in cyberthreats for the period of January 2024-March 2025.  The report drew on surveys from 18 INTERPOL member countries in Asia and the South Pacific, including both public and private sector reports, and demonstrated that rates of cybercrimes, including ransomware, phishing attacks, and data breaches have risen to an enormous degree throughout Asia and the South Pacific.

Ghana Extradites National Charged with Operating Romance Frauds

Friday, July 17, 2026
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
42
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

                On July 10, 2026, Ghana extradited to the United States a Ghanaian social media influencer against whom an indictment accuses of operating an online scam that defrauded elderly Americans out of more than $8 million through romance frauds conducted on social media. On December 11, 2025, the U.S. Attorney’s Office in the Northern District of Ohio announced the return of a two-count indictment against Frederick Kumi, aka Emmanuel Kojo Baah Obeng, aka Abu Trica, 31, of Swedru, Ghana.

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